Isolated fourth cranial nerve palsy due to pituitary macroadenoma

Isolated fourth nerve palsy

Isolated fourth nerve palsy is usually benign. The most common etiologies are congenital, traumatic, ischemic, and idiopathic causes. Extensive evaluations for isolated fourth nerve palsies are generally not indicated, but more intensive evaluation for underlying etiology may be necessary for nonisolated or bilateral fourth nerve palsies. Evaluation of ocular torsion enables differentiation of ...

Management of congenital fourth cranial nerve palsy.

A pediatric case of pituitary macroadenoma presenting with pituitary apoplexy and cranial nerve involvement: case report.

Pituitary adenomas usually arise from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and are manifested with hormonal disorders or mass effect. Mass effect usually occurs in nonfunctional tumors. Pituitary adenomas may be manifested with visual field defects or rarely in the form of total oculomotor palsy. Visual field defect is most frequently in the form of bitemporal hemianopsia and superior tempo...

Isolated Cranial Nerve-III Palsy Secondary to Perimesencephalic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

We describe isolated cranial nerve-III palsy as a rare clinical finding in a patient with perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage. In this unusual case, the patient presented with complete cranial nerve-III palsy including ptosis and pupillary involvement. Initial studies revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage in the perimesencephalic, prepontine, and interpeduncular cisterns. Angiographic studies ...

Third, Fourth, and Sixth Cranial Nerve Palsies in Pituitary Apoplexy.

BACKGROUND Pituitary apoplexy (PA) often presents with acute headache and neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, including ocular motility dysfunction (OMD) from cranial nerve palsies (CNPs). Our goal was to describe the epidemiology and outcomes of OMD in a large, single-center series of patients with PA. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of all patients with PA seen in our pituita...